A variation of the article first appeared in ChristianWeek on June 5, 2009.
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My first experience with study Bibles came as a young teen when my Scofieldian pastor encouraged me to buy my own copy of the Scofield Reference Bible. Having never had anything more than a KJV text-only Bible, you can imagine my delight in reading a Bible filled with comments on many hard-to-understand texts. More than once I was able to “correct” a Sunday School teacher or youth leader by pointing out the “true” interpretation of a text. I continued using Scofield Bibles right into my first pastorate.
Given the enormous popularity and influence of the Scofield Bible, though the Geneva Bible (the primary Bible of 16th century Protestantism) containing marginal notes on
the text was probably the first “study” Bible, it is no mystery why other study Bibles began emerging. Besides the obvious marketing potential, study Bibles facilitated the spread of biblical insights held by significant leaders and movements.
Contemporary Bible readers face a plethora of study Bible choices, and along with substantial study Bibles like the NIV Study Bible, and the ESV Study Bible (2,752 pages, 2 million words, 20,000 notes, 80,000 cross-references, 200-plus full-color maps, 40 all-new illustrations, 50-plus articles, and 200-plus charts), one can buy a study Bible directed to virtually every sub-segment of human existence.
If, after purchasing one the Bibles mentioned above, you still feel inadequate to interpret Scripture, perhaps you need the NCV Everyday Study Bible – the Bible for “the everyday person … who wants to understand the Bible”. And if, after perusing the Everyday Bible, you still feel the Bible is a closed book, you could buy the NKJV Open Bible Study Bible.
The Bibles mentioned above, and every major translation has its version, are general use study Bibles with notes that will, for the most part, be accepted by all evangelicals. But Bible readers can find numerous specialty editions.
For example, among its many choices, Zondervan has the NIV Power of a Praying Woman Study Bible (think Stormie Omartian); the NIV Archaeological Study Bible (for those interested in history and culture); or the NIV Adventure Bible (for the active kid in your home); and the NIV Life in the Spirit Study Bible (for believers hankering for the really deep, spiritual Christian experience). The folks at Holman have developed the Holman Christian Standard Bible Apologetics Study Bible (for all who want to defend the faith); and the good people at Thomas Nelson offer readers the NASB Quick Study Bible (for those on the run?).
Even more focused is the Judson Press published KJV Original African Heritage Study Bible which seeks to interpret the Bible from an African perspective, providing a distinctly multicultural reading of the text. Tyndale Publishers offers the NLT Every Man’s Bible that “every ordinary guy – from truck drivers to lawyers – can call his own.” And for women there is the TNIV True Identity Study Bible, which in the publisher’s words “will help you not only get to know God for who He really is, but yourself as well — who you are and whose you are.”
But, the winner in “special interest” study Bibles has to be The Green Study Bible (HarperCollins Publishers). This Bible will “equip and encourage you to see God’s vision for creation and help you engage in the work of healing and sustaining it.” There are numerous “inspirational essays” by key leaders like N.T. Wright, Barbara Brown Taylor, Brian McLaren, Matthew Sleeth, Pope John Paul II and Wendell Berry. Reading this Bible, all texts related to God’s care of creation are highlighted in green, will “help you see that caring for the earth is not only a calling, but a lifestyle.”
Alan Jacobs recently wrote (“Blessed Are the Green of Heart”, First Things, May, 2009) that “The Green Bible makes me distinctly uncomfortable.”
Believing that the Green Bible is directed toward two constituencies – committed environmentalists who view Christianity sceptically and Christians seeking biblical support for their environmental concerns – Jacobs fears this Bible holds God captive to an agenda far too narrow for the full range and intention of divine revelation.
I concur with Jacobs. Though virtually all the study Bibles mentioned above (The Green Bible excepted) remain within the boundaries of evangelical theology, Jacob’s concern with The Green Bible applies to them as well. Tightly focused study Bibles risk overemphasizing, and thus skewing, biblical truth to the detriment of the full counsel of God.
While I will not say there is no value in using study Bibles, I use a straightforward text-only Bible (OK, I like the center column references), preferring to leave notes and comments for commentaries. Too often I’ve heard Christians argue that the Bible says something because they’ve seen it in the study Bible notes


I found the Scofield Refrence bible a curse because it indoctrinated me with premillennial dispensationalism.
Thanks for commenting on this post, Jim.
While I am no fan of the Scofield Reference Bible, I’m not sure I’d go so far as to describe it as a “curse.” There are many fine, godly believers holding to premillennial dispensationalism.
It is one thing to respectfully (and firmly) disagree. It is quite another thing to call their view “cursed.”
Thanks for this David. When the ESV study Bible was being promoted I crafted similar comments. What say we forego purchasing these “after market” bibles for 5 years and send sacrificial donations to Wycliffe or others seeking to bring God’s word to whole people groups who have not even 1 verse.
Keith, I think your idea is a great one! You should post something to that effect on your blog. I’ll do the same here in the next day or so.
I think Western Christians will have a lot to answer for, given the glut of resources, including a shamefully extravagant number of Bible versions, given that there are still millions who have yet to receive the Scriptures in their own mother tongue.
Thank you for the post.
I think study bible are good tools for those who have limited resources to get the basics. But people should get a plain bible and read it for themselves. People have the right to check and examine what is being said but I think it is sometimes distracting to see people at Bible studies or Sunday morning checking what comment is there in the study Bible while they should be paying attention to what is being preached at the front.
Indeed my first Bible I got was from a missionary back in Togo in 1991. It was French translation “Louis Segond” very easy to read (NIV type!) black soft lether . I still have it today though the cover is gone!
Scofield Bible was also used by the missionaries and some pastors who could afford it because it was very expensive about $ 25 CDN!!!. You won’t imagine a person like me or any pastor buying this easily. But Our missionaries did a good found raising in USA so the cut the price by almost the half. I borrow money from a friend to get one because it is the only commentary you have as a Sunday school teacher or wherever.
I think people need to know what is happening around the world and how the Lord is using different means to bring people to salvation. I did not know I was dispensationalist before I got to TBS (Toronto Baptist Seminary). I may have a better understanding of scripture than before but to say Scofield Bible is a “curse” to me is really insulting to many like me who love the Lord, who were saved through the preaching of many American missionaries (dispensationalists though) who spread the Good News of Jesus Christ by using this Bible all over the world. I guess this could be said about the KJV only controversies. Yes there are things from the past that need to be corrected. But we must be careful the way we address these issues. Though our interpretation may vary in certain area, the Bible remain the same and the Power of God to save a lost sinner cannot be put solely on one translation.
The only time I remember Paul the Great Apostle said let somebody be cursed, it was not over a translation or covenant theology or dispensationalism but about preaching another gospel than the gospel of Jesus Christ.
I guess the abundance we indulge in here in North America is getting over our head quit a bit.
Thank you for your thoughtful remarks, Lucien. Coming from a non-Western country, your perspective is important.
I agree that calling the Scofield Bible a “curse” is far too strong a term. While I am no longer a dispensationaltist, many godly friends of mine are.
The reason I’m saying the Scofield Reference Bible is a curse is because my brother bought into the system of dispensational eschataology when we were younger as a direct result of using it and he believes to this day that after the so-called secret rapture he will get this second chance to repent. He still points to the commentary notes that teach this second chance during the tribulation and yes his hard heart will dam him if he doesn’t repent first but this cursed doctrine has made him twice a son of hell because he keeps pointing it out to me that godly men who know more than me wrote the commentary in his Scofield bible.
I am truly sorry to hear that your brother is holding on to a false teaching that he might have a second chance to repent following the so-called secret Rapture. I better understand your strong feelings about the Scofield Reference Bible.
I have those close to me who continue to resist the gospel, sometimes using the doctrine of undconditional election as an excuse to keep from facing their sin and need of repentance. So it remains possible to use both wrong doctrine and right doctrine to excuse ourselves from responding to God in repentance and faith.
Wheverever one turns, there will be found both healthy and unhealthy doctrine. And while we can never excuse wrong doctrine in anyway, we must also recognize that no one of us has complete and perfect understanding. We must hold our convictions with true humility.
That said, while your brother apparently holds to a Scofield note in rejecting the gospel of grace, there will be many other godly believers who testify to the benefits they found in purusing study Bible notes – even those within the Scofield Bible.
Your brother’s rejection of the gospel runs far deeper than any note in the Scofield Bible. On the other hand, your comments about your brother lend credence to my view that, when all is said and done, straight text Bibles are a better choice, leaving comments and notes where they really belong – in books and study guides that are clearly separate from the inspired text itself.
We both have loved ones who need God’s grace. Thanks for your comments.
PRETRIB RAPTURE DISHONESTY
by Dave MacPherson
When I began my research in 1970 into the exact beginnings of the pretribulation rapture belief still held by many evangelicals, I assumed that the rapture debate involved only “godly scholars with honest differences.” The paper you are now reading reveals why I gave up that assumption many years ago. With this introduction-of-sorts in mind, let’s take a long look at the pervasive dishonesty throughout the history of the 179-year-old pretrib rapture theory:
Mid-1820′s – German scholar Max Weremchuk’s work “John Nelson Darby” (1992) included what Benjamin Newton revealed about John Darby in the mid-1820′s during his pre-Brethren days as an Anglican clergyman:
“J. N. Darby was a very subtle man. He had been a lawyer, or at least educated for the law. Once he wanted his Archbishop to pursue a certain course, when he (J.N.D.) was a curate in his diocese. He wrote a letter, therefore, saying he had been educated for the law, knew what the legal course would properly be; and then having written that clearly, he mystified the remainder of the letter both in word and in handwriting, and ended up by saying: You see, my Lord, such being the legal aspect of the case it would unquestionably be the best course for you to pursue, etc. And the Archbishop couldn’t make out the legal part, but rested on Darby’s word and did as he advised. Darby afterwards laughed over it, and indeed he showed a copy of the letter to Tregelles. This is not mentioned in the Archbishop’s biography, but in it is the fact that he spoke of Darby as ‘the most subtle man in my diocese.’ ”
This reminds me of an 1834 letter by Darby which spoke of the “Lord’s coming.” Darby added, concerning this coming, that “the thoughts are new” and that during any teaching of it “it would not be well to have it so clear.” Darby’s deviousness here was his usage of a centuries-old term – “Lord’s coming” – to cover up his desire to sneak the new pretrib idea into existing posttrib groups in very low-profile ways!
1830 – In the spring of 1830 a young Scottish lassie, Margaret Macdonald, came up with the novel notion of a catching up [rapture] of Spirit-filled “church” members before Antichrist’s “trial” [tribulation] of non-Spirit-filled “church” members – the first instance I’ve found of clear “pretrib” teaching (which was part of a partial rapture scheme). In Sep. 1830 “The Morning Watch” (a journal produced by London preacher Edward Irving and his “Irvingite” followers, some of whom had visited Margaret a few weeks earlier) began repeating her original thoughts and even her wording but gave her no credit – the first plagiarism I’ve found in pretrib history. Darby was still defending posttrib in Dec. 1830.
Pretrib promoters have long known the significance of her main point: a rapture of “church” members BEFORE the revealing of Antichrist. Which is why John Walvoord quoted nothing in her revelation, why Thomas Ice habitually skips over her main point but quotes lines BEFORE and AFTER it, and why Hal Lindsey muddies up her main point so he can (falsely) assert that she was NOT a pretribber! (Google “X-Raying Margaret” for info about her.)
NOTE: The development of the 1800′s is thoroughly documented in my book “The Rapture Plot.” You’ll learn that Darby wasn’t original on any chief aspect of dispensationalism (but plagiarized the Irvingites); that pretrib was initially based on only OT and NT symbols and not clear Scripture; that the symbols included the Jewish feasts, the two witnesses, and the man child – symbols adopted by Darby during most of his career; that Darby’s later reminiscences exaggerated his earliest pretrib development, and that today’s defenders such as Thomas Ice have further overstated what Darby overstated; that Irvingism didn’t need later reminiscences to “clarify” its own early pretrib development; that ancient hymns and even the writings of the Reformers were subtly revised to make it appear they had taught pretrib; and that after Darby’s death a clever revisionist quietly made many changes in early Irvingite and Brethren documents in order to steal credit for pretrib away from the Irvingites (and their female inspiration!) and give it dishonestly to Darby! (Before continuing, Google the “Powered by Christ Ministries” site and read “America’s Pretrib Rapture Traffickers” – a sample of the current exciting internetism!)
1920 – Charles Trumbull’s book “The Life Story of C. I. Scofield” told only the dispensationally-correct side of his life. Two recent books, Joseph Canfield’s “The Incredible Scofield and His Book” (1988) and David Lutzweiler’s “DispenSinsationalism: C. I. Scofield’s Life and Errors” (2006), reveal the other side including his being jailed as a forger, dishonestly giving himself a non-conferred “D.D.” etc. etc.!
1967 – Brethren scholar Harold Rowdon’s “The Origins of the Brethren” quoted Darby associate Lord Congleton who was “disgusted with…the falseness” of Darby’s accounts of things. Rowdon also quoted historian William Neatby who said that others felt that “the time-honoured method of single combat” was as good as anything “to elicit the truth” from Darby. (In other words, knock it out of him!)
1972 – Tim LaHaye’s “The Beginning of the End” (1972) plagiarized Hal Lindsey’s “The Late Great Planet Earth” (1970).
1976 – Charles Ryrie”s “The Living End” (1976) plagiarized Lindsey’s “The Late Great Planet Earth” (1970) and “There’s A New World Coming” (1973).
1976 – After John Walvoord’s “The Blessed Hope and the Tribulation” (1976) brutally twisted Robert Gundry’s “The Church and the Tribulation” (1973), Gundry composed and circulated a 35-page open letter to Walvoord which repeatedly charged the Dallas Seminary president with “misrepresentation,” “misrepresentations” (and variations)!
1981 – “The Fundamentalist Phenomenon” (1981) by Jerry Falwell, Ed Dobson, and Ed Hindson heavily plagiarized George Dollar’s 1973 book “A History of Fundamentalism in America.”
1984 – After a prof at Southeastern College of the Assemblies of God in Florida told me that the No. 2 man at the AG world headquarters in Missouri – Joseph Flower – had the label of posttrib, my wife and I had two hour-long chats with him. He verified what I had been told. But we were dumbstruck when he told us that although AG ministers are required to promote pretrib, privately they can believe any other rapture view! Flower said that his father, an AG co-founder, was also posttrib. We also learned while in Springfield that when the AG’s were organized in 1914, the initial group was divided between posttribs and pretribs – but that the pretribs shouted louder which resulted in that denomination officially adopting pretrib! (For details on this and other pretrib double-mindedness, Google “Pretrib Hypocrisy.”)
1989 – Since 1989 Thomas Ice has referred to the “Mac-theory” (his reference to my research), giving the impression there’s no solid evidence that Macdonald was the real pretrib originator. But Ice carefully conceals the fact that no eminent church historian of the 1800′s – whether Plymouth Brethren or Irvingite – credited Darby with pretrib. Instead, they uniformly credited leading Irvingite sources, all of which upheld the Scottish lassie’s contribution! Moreover, I’m hardly the only modern scholar seeing significance in Irvingism’s territory. Others in recent years who have noted it, but who haven’t mined it as deeply as I have, include Fuller, Ladd, Bass, Rowdon, Sandeen, and Gundry.
1989 – Greg Bahnsen and Kenneth Gentry produced evidence in 1989 that Lindsey’s book “The Road to Holocaust” (1989) plagiarized “Dominion Theology” (1988) by H. Wayne House and Thomas Ice.
1990 – David Jeremiah’s and C. C. Carlson’s “Escape the Coming Night” (1990) massively plagiarized Lindsey’s 1973 book “There’s A New World Coming.” (For more info, type in “Thieves’ Marketing” on MSN or Google.)
1991 – Paul Lee Tan’s “A Pictorial Guide to Bible Prophecy” (1991) plagiarized large amounts of Lindsey’s “The Late Great Planet Earth” (1970).
1991 – Militant Darby defender R. A. Huebner claimed in 1991 to have found new evidence that Darby was pretrib as early as 1827 – three years before Macdonald. Halfway through his book Huebner suddenly admitted that his evidence could refer to something completely un-rapturesque. Even though Thomas Ice admitted to me that he knew that Huebner had “blown” his so-called evidence, prevaricator Ice continues to tell the world that Huebner has “positive evidence” that Darby was pretrib in 1827! Ice also conceals the fact that Darby, in his own 1827 paper, was looking for only “the restitution of all things” and “the times of refreshing” (Acts 3:19,21) – which Scofield doesn’t see fulfilled until AFTER a future tribulation!
1992 – Tim LaHaye’s “No Fear of the Storm” (1992) plagiarized Walvoord’s “The Blessed Hope and the Tribulation” (1976).
1992 – This was when the Los Angeles Times revealed that “The Magog Factor” (1992) by Hal Lindsey and Chuck Missler was a monstrous plagiarism of Prof. Edwin Yamauchi’s scholarly 1982 work “Foes from the Northern Frontier.” Four months after this exposure, Lindsey and Missler stated they had stopped publishing and promoting their book. But in 1996 Dr. Yamauchi learned that the dishonest duo had issued a 1995 book called “The Magog Invasion” which still had a substantial amount of the same plagiarism! (If Lindsey and Missler ever need hernia operations, I predict that the doctors will tell them not to lift anything for a long time!)
1994 – In 1996 it was revealed that Lindsey’s “Planet Earth – 2000 A.D.” (1994) had an embarrassing amount of plagiarism of a Texe Marrs book titled “Mystery Mark of the New Age” (1988).
1995 – My book “The Rapture Plot” reveals the dishonesty in Darby’s reprinted works. It’s often hard to tell who wrote the footnotes and when. It’s easy to believe that the notes, and also unsigned phrases inside brackets within the text, were a devious attempt by someone (Darby? his editor?) to portray a Darby far more developed in pretrib thinking than he actually had been at the time. I found that some of the “additives” had been taken from Darby’s much later works, when he was more developed, and placed next to or inside his earliest works! One footnote by Darby’s editor, attached to Darby’s 1830 paper, actually stated that “it was not worth while either suppressing or changing” anything in this work! If his editor wasn’t open to such dishonesty, how can we explain such a statement?
Post-1995 – Thomas Ice’s article “Inventor of False Pre-Trib Rapture History” states that my book “The Rapture Plot” is “only one of the latest in a series of revisions of his original discourse….” And David Reagan in his article “The Origin of the Concept of a Pre-Tribulation Rapture” repeats Ice’s falsehood by claiming that I have republished my first book “over the years under several different titles.”
Although my book repeats a bit of the Macdonald origin of pretrib (for new readers), all of my books are packed with new material not found in my other works. For some clarification, “The Incredible Cover-Up” has photos of pertinent places in Ireland, Scotland, and England not found in my later books plus several chapters dealing with theological arguments; “The Great Rapture Hoax” quotes scholars throughout the Church Age, covers Scofield’s hidden side, a section on Powerscourt, the 1980 election, the Jupiter Effect, Gundry’s change, and more theological arguments; “The Rapture Plot” reveals for the first time the Great Evangelical Revisionism/Robbery and includes appendices on miscopying, plagiarism, etc.; and “The Three R’s” shows hypocritical evangelicals employing occultic beliefs they say they have long opposed!
So Thomas Ice etc. are twisting truth when they claim I am only a revisionist. Do they really think that my publishers DON’T know what I’ve previously written?
Re arguments, Google “Pretrib Rapture – Hidden Facts” and also obtain “The End Times Passover” and “Why Christians Will Suffer ‘Great Tribulation’ ” (AuthorHouse, 2006) by media personality Joe Ortiz.
1997 – For years Harvest House Publishers has owned and been republishing Lindsey’s book “There’s A New World Coming.” During the same time Lindsey has been peddling his reportedly “new” book “Apocalypse Code” (1997), much of which is word-for-word the same as the Harvest House book – and there’s no notice of “simultaneous publishing” in either book! Talk about pretrib greed!
1997 – This is the year I discovered that more than 50 pages of Dallas Seminary professor Merrill Unger’s book “Beyond the Crystal Ball” (Moody Press, 1973) constituted a colossal plagiarism of Lindsey’s “The Late Great Planet Earth” (1970). After Lindsey’s book came out, Unger had complained that Lindsey’s book had plagiarized his classroom lecture notes. It was evident that Unger felt that he too should cash in on his own lectures! (The detailed account of this Dallas Seminary dishonesty is revealed in my 1998 book “The Three R’s.”)
1998 – Tim LaHaye’s “Understanding the Last Days” (1998) plagiarized Lindsey’s “There’s A New World Coming” (1973).
1999 – More than 200 pages (out of 396 pages) in Lindsey’s 1999 book “Vanished Into Thin Air” are virtually carbon copies of pages in his 1983 book “The Rapture” – with no “updated” or “revised” notice included! Lindsey has done the same nervy thing with several of his books, something that has allowed him to live in million-dollar-plus homes and drive cars like Ferraris! (See my Google articles “Deceiving and Being Deceived” and “Thieves’ Marketing” for further evidence of this notably pretrib vice.)
2000 – A Jack Van Impe article “The Moment After” (2000) plagiarized Grant Jeffrey’s book “Final Warning” (1995).
2001 – Since 2001 my web article “Walvoord’s Posttrib ‘Varieties’ – Plus” has been exposing his devious muddying up of posttrib waters. In some of his books he invented four “distinct” and “contradictory” posttrib divisions, claiming that they are either “classic” or “semiclassic” or “futurist” or “dispensational” – distinctions that disappear when analyzed! His “futurist” group holds to a literal future tribulation and a literal millennium but doesn’t embrace “any day” imminency. But his “dispensational” group has the same non-imminency! Moreover, tribulational futurism is found in every group except the first one, and he somehow admitted that a literal millennium is in all four groups! On the other hand, it’s the pretribs who consistently disagree with each other over their chief points and subpoints – but somehow end up agreeing that there will be a pretrib rapture! (See my chapter “A House Divided” in my book “The Incredible Cover-Up.”)
2001 – Since my “Deceiving and Being Deceived” web item which exposed the claims for Pseudo-Ephraem” and “Morgan Edwards” as teachers of pretrib, there has been a piranha-like frenzy on the part of pretrib bodyguards and their duped groupies to “discover” almost anything before 1830 walking upright on two legs that seemed to have at least a remote hint of pretrib! (An exemplary poster boy for such pretrib practice is Grant Jeffrey. To get your money’s worth, Google “Wily Jeffrey.”)
FINALLY: Don’t take my word for any of the above. Read my 300-page book “The Rapture Plot” which has a jillion more documented details on the long-hidden but now-revealed history of the dishonest, 179-year-old, fringe-British-invented, American-merchandised-until-the-real-bad-stuff-happens pretribulation rapture fad. If this book of mine doesn’t “move” you, I will personally refund what you paid for it!
(Just discovered the above on the www. Are you shocked?)
Sid,
In the interest of fairness, I’ve approved your comment (uh, your article!), though I have not as yet read it.
Thank you for reading my blog.
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